GROUPING_ID
功能描述
GROUPING_ID函数相当于将多个GROUPING函数的结果串接成二进制数，返回这个二进制数对应的十进制数。
注意事项
该函数仅适用于select语句并包含GROUP BY的情况。
grouping_id的字段，必须是group by包含的字段。
语法格式
GROUPING_ID(expr [, expr ]...)
参数说明
expr
列名。
需要在GROUP BY表达式中，该函数返回由1和0组成的位向量对应的数字，指示哪些GROUP BY表达式不包括在当前分组集中。如果对应的expr包含在生成当前结果行的分组集中（常规分组行），则位为0，如果不包含(超聚合行，GROUPBYROLLUP/CUBE等生成）则为1。当有多个expr时，如2个expr，可能的返回值为：00 ->0，01 ->1，10-> 2，11 -> 3。
示例
1、创建测试表并插入数据。
create table group_test (group_id int, job varchar2(10), name varchar2(10), salary int);
insert into group_test values (10,'Coding', 'Bruce',1000);
insert into group_test values (10,'Programmer','Clair',1000);
insert into group_test values (10,'Architect', 'Gideon',1000);
insert into group_test values (10,'Director', 'Hill',1000);
insert into group_test values (20,'Coding', 'Jason',2000);
insert into group_test values (20,'Programmer','Joey',2000);
insert into group_test values (20,'Architect', 'Martin',2000);
insert into group_test values (20,'Director', 'Michael',2000);
insert into group_test values (30,'Coding', 'Rebecca',3000);
insert into group_test values (30,'Programmer','Rex',3000);
insert into group_test values (30,'Architect', 'Richard',3000);
insert into group_test values (30,'Director', 'Sabrina',3000);
insert into group_test values (40,'Coding', 'Samuel',4000);
insert into group_test values (40,'Programmer','Susy',4000);
insert into group_test values (40,'Architect', 'Tina',4000);
insert into group_test values (40,'Director', 'Wendy',4000);
2、grouping函数：传入两个expr参数，使用GROUP BY ROLLUP生成分组集.
select group_id,job,grouping(group_id),grouping(job),grouping(group_id,job),sum(salary) from group_test group by rollup(group_id, job);
返回结果为：
group_id | job | grouping | grouping | grouping | sum
----------+------------+----------+----------+----------+-------
10 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Director | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4000
20 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Director | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8000
30 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Director | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 12000
40 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Director | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 16000
| | 1 | 1 | 3 | 40000
(21 rows)
3、调用grouping_id函数：grouping_id函数：传入一个expr参数，使用GROUP BY CUBE生成分组集。
select group_id,job,grouping_id(group_id),grouping_id(job),sum(salary) from group_test group by cube(group_id, job);
当返回结果如下时，则表示支持grouping_id函数
group_id | job | grouping | grouping | sum
----------+------------+----------+----------+-------
10 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Director | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 1000
10 | | 0 | 1 | 4000
20 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Director | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 2000
20 | | 0 | 1 | 8000
30 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Director | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 3000
30 | | 0 | 1 | 12000
40 | Architect | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Coding | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Director | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | Programmer | 0 | 0 | 4000
40 | | 0 | 1 | 16000
| | 1 | 1 | 40000
| Architect | 1 | 0 | 10000
| Coding | 1 | 0 | 10000
| Director | 1 | 0 | 10000
| Programmer | 1 | 0 | 10000
(25 rows)
